The Scout Report for Social Sciences - October 17, 2000

October 17, 2000

A Publication of the Internet Scout Project
Computer Sciences Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison

The target audience of the new Scout Report for Social Sciences is faculty, students, staff, and librarians in the social sciences. Each biweekly issue offers a selective collection of Internet resources covering topics in the field that have been chosen by librarians and content specialists in the given area of study.

The Scout Report for Social Sciences is also provided via email once every two weeks. Subscription information is included at the bottom of each issue.

In This Issue

Research

Learning Resources

New Data

Current Awareness

In The News


Research

World Development Report 2000/2001: Attacking Poverty -- World Bank [.pdf]
http://www.worldbank.org/poverty/wdrpoverty/index.htm
The full text of the World Development Report (WDR) 2000/2001: Attacking Poverty is now available for download by chapter. Along with the text of the report, World Bank has created a thorough Website that offers supporting information. Key resources include a large collection of background documents, conference and workshop papers, and the archive of the electronic discussion of the consultation draft. Also included is an ever-changing What's New section, the World Development Report Workplan, a calendar of events, and the WDR Newsletters. [EM]
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All Academic: The Guide to Free Academic Resources Online
http://www.allacademic.com/
This professionally designed academic search engine and index offers a searchable database of scholarly articles and a browseable list of alphabetized links to online journals all available at no charge on the Web. The search results are listed in a choice of APA, MLA, or Chicago style and include abstracts for articles as well as the date of posting. Searches can be run by subject, author, publication, or article title. Scholars may post articles to the site -- subject to review. Clearly defined criteria are posted on-site, assuring that the content of the database remains academic and professional. Cleanly designed and easy-to-use, the site impressed us with the quality (if not always the quantity) of its search results, and we look forward to the possibility of this site developing into a major access point for free, high-quality scholarly publications on the Web. The Website was founded by Stephen Stolp, a professor of journalism at the University of Oregon, and Rick Peacor, a graduate student in history at the same institution. [DC]
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Congressional Budget Office: Budgeting For Defense: Maintaining Today's Forces
http://www.cbo.gov/showdoc.cfm?index=2398&sequence=0&from=7
Released last month, this report from the Congressional Budget Office provides excellent background research for the current debate between the two major Presidential candidates over the American military's state of readiness. In keeping with its nonpartisan mandate, the report makes no recommendations, but it does summarize the current threats to US security, current military strategy, and the factors that drive Defense Department budgetary requests. In addition, the report offers estimates for budgetary requirements for sustaining defense capabilities at their current levels (as well as a discussion of the limitations to these estimates) and reviews alternative budget approaches, including reducing or raising defense funding. [DC]
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Hartford Institute for Religion Research
http://hirr.hartsem.edu/index.html
Affiliated with Hartford Seminary, this new Website promises to become a significant resource for scholars in the field of sociological research on religion. The site currently features articles, studies, descriptions of methodology, and other scholarly materials for the topics of women and religion, church growth/ decline, religion and the family, religion and the Web, congregational studies, Pentecostalism, and homosexuality and religion. The Website also describes current institute projects, with a promise that articles and data resulting from these projects will be published on the site in the future. In addition, the Institute's Website serves as an annotated directory of online organizations, data resources, scholars, and research relevant to its subject. [DC]
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Bisbee Deportation of 1917
http://digital.library.arizona.edu/bisbee/
In response to a strike called by the IWW among copper miners in the town of Bisbee, Arizona in 1917, local businessmen and law enforcement illegally rounded up over 1,100 striking workers, herded them into boxcars, and transported them over the Mexican border where they were abandoned. Created and maintained by the University of Arizona, this fine Web exhibit offers a wealth of primary and secondary materials on what is now known as the Bisbee Deportation, a signal event in American labor history. The Website includes IWW publications, personal recollections, newspaper articles from the time, court records, government reports, correspondence, and journal articles -- all presented in an accessible format with an essay giving the historical context. For researchers, there is also a complete inventory of the collection materials housed at the Library (click on Finding Aid) with links to those posted on the Website. [DC]
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E-Rate and the Digital Divide: A Preliminary Analysis From the Integrated Studies of Educational Technology [.pdf, 231 pages]
http://www.urban.org/pdfs/erate_FR921.pdf
Executive Summary:
http://www.urban.org/education/erate.html
Funded by the Department of Education, this report offers the first comprehensive consideration of the effects of the Universal Service Fund for Schools and Libraries (known as the "E-Rate") created as part of the Telecommunications Act of 1996 "to provide discounts on the cost of telecommunications services and equipment to all public and private schools and libraries." The specific aim of the provision is to make Internet connections more affordable for schools, particularly for schools in lower income areas. Based on an analysis of E-Rate administrative records covering the first two years of program operation and detailed national data on all public and private schools and libraries in the US, this report presents an analysis of the E-Rate's impact upon what has come to be called the digital divide. The report is generally sanguine in its determinations. It finds that public schools have taken most advantage of the program and that the program has succeeded in targeting poorer communities in both urban and rural areas. Also, it finds that applications steadily rose over the two-year period from the most impoverished school districts. The report concludes with recommendations for future analyses scheduled to be conducted in the next few years. [DC]
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European Parliament: Plenary Sessions Documents [.pdf]
http://www.europarl.eu.int/plenary/en/default.htm
The Plenary Sessions Website of the European Parliament makes available the Europarl's published reports, verbatim reports of its proceedings, minutes, rules of procedure, consolidated legislative documents, and adopted texts. Each category of document offers a variety of search/browse parameters including date, plenary session, responsible party, Europarl document numbering, and the like. The reports section allows users to browse the last 40 reports of the legislative body and offers translations in eleven different languages, including English. Some documents are in HTML, but most are posted in .pdf format. [DC]
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MOST Urban Issues: Urban Development and Governance [.pdf]
http://www.unesco.org/most/most2.htm
UNESCO's Management of Social Transformations Programme (MOST) hosts this Website dedicated to urban issues in global development. Included here is a substantial array of academic and professional publications, including working papers and project reports; Internet sites; and MOST programme descriptions and conference information relating to issues of transforming the development of urban areas in ways that maximize democracy, economic equality, and quality of life. Current postings include a report on MOST's recently completed project Industrial Decentralization and Urban Development in India with consideration of SouthEast and East Asian States, and related working papers. Most of the publications offered on the Website are in .pdf format. [DC]
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Learning Resources

Drug Wars -- PBS Frontline [RealPlayer, Shockwave]
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/drugs/
Drug-Wars -- NPR [RealPlayer]
http://www.npr.org/news/specials/drugwars/
These sites are companions to the outstanding PBS Frontline program and National Public radio's (NPR) special on All Things Considered, both of which aired this week. Simply put, the two-part Frontline film was probably the most balanced and detailed examination of America's war on drugs ever aired on television. In addition, it contained numerous interviews with figures on both sides of the drug war, including people who had never before made themselves available to American journalists. Whether or not you watched the program, the companion site offers some excellent and engaging content. This includes video excerpts, charts and graphs, excerpts and unused portions from interviews featured on the program, as well as numerous features unique to the site, one of the deepest companion sites PBS has ever produced. The NPR site is a bit more modest, but it does offer the excellent radio reports from this week's All Things Considered special series. [MD]
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Art for the Nation: Collecting for a New Century
http://www.nga.gov/feature/artnation/splash.htm
Here's another fine example of the National Gallery of Art's use of the Web to supplement its regular exhibitions. Art for the Nation, on display at the gallery until February 2001, showcases 140 works that the museum has acquired since 1991. The Website currently presents in-depth features on four artists: Degas, Harnett, Vernet, and Verspronck, with plans to add ten more artists in the next three months. The features include analyses of the works in the show, as well related art that's not in the show. For example, the Degas feature begins with The Dance Lesson, the painting in the exhibition, and from there moves to a section on the young dancers, prima ballerinas, laundresses, and milliners that Degas painted; a sculpture photographed in the round so that we can see all sides; and a section on the media -- oil paint, monotype printing, pastels, and chalk -- that Degas used in his work. Those fond of art trivia may want to try guessing which artists will be featured next, by examining the image excerpts on the splash page. [DS]
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American Studies Program of Washington State University Websites:
Cultural Environmental Studies
http://www.wsu.edu/~amerstu/ce/ce.html
19th Century United States Historical, Literary and Cultural Studies Online
http://www.wsu.edu/~amerstu/19th/19th.html
Multicultural American West
http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~amerstu/mw/index.html
The American Studies Program of Washington State University offers online directories to Websites and resources in the subject areas of cultural environmental studies, the multicultural American West, and the literary and cultural history of the US in the nineteenth century. Each directory presents a subject overview followed by a dozen or more subtopic headings which lead to annotated listings further broken down by subheadings. All three sites are frequently updated and provide a wealth of links for studying the last two centuries from a cultural studies viewpoint. The 19th Century United States Historical, Literary and Cultural Studies Online directory is particularly well-stocked with useful links to historical documents; resources on nineteenth-century authors and texts; as well as links to maps, photographs, posters, and other examples of the visual culture of the time. [DC]
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A Force More Powerful: A Century of Nonviolent Conflict [RealPlayer]
http://www.pbs.org/weta/forcemorepowerful/
The Companion site to a documentary series first broadcast last month on PBS, A Force More Powerful documents a century of civil disobedience, chiefly inspired by Gandhi's philosophy of satyagraha -- a combination of the Hindu words for "truth" and "holding firm." The Website examines six incidents of 20th-century nonviolent conflict in detail: the civil rights protest in Nashville in 1960, Gandhi's struggles with the British Crown in the 1930s, South African resistance to Apartheid in the mid-1980s, Denmark's attempts to undermine Nazi rule during World War II, the actions of the Polish labor movement in the early 1980s, and the protests to remove Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet from power in the early 1980s. Each section features a wealth of supplementary information including timelines, maps, interviews, a substantial historical overview, analysis, and a brief bibliography of print and Internet resources. The Website also offers a discussion list and short synopses of seven other incidents of civil disobedience as well as lesson plans, simulations, research activities, additional resources, and discussion questions for use in the classroom. Information on ordering videotapes of the documentary is also available on-site. [DC]
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An Introduction to Social Policy
http://www.dundee.ac.uk/politics/socialpolicy/
Created and maintained by Paul Spicker, a professor of politics specializing in social policy at the University of Dundee, this Website presents a detailed, yet schematic view of the main themes, concepts, and controversies surrounding issues of the welfare state and social services. The site offers sections on social policy, welfare and society, social need, the welfare state, social services, the politics of welfare, British social policy, social services in the UK, and social policy on the Web (a collection of annotated links). Using a hypertext, bulleted format, the author manages to convey significant amounts of information about complex ideas in a relatively brief span without oversimplifying. An excellent resource for economics and sociology students working on social policy topics. [DC]
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Lexicon of Linguistics
http://tristram.let.uu.nl/UiL-OTS/Lexicon/
Created and maintained by faculty members at the Utrecht Institute of Linguistics, this Website provides easily accessed authoritative definitions for thousands of technical terms in the field of linguistics. The Lexicon may be searched or browsed, and users can submit definitions for terms for editorial consideration by the site's authors. A highly practical bookmark for both students and scholars in the field. [DC]
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Anthropology Biography Web
http://emuseum.mnsu.edu/information/biography/index.shtml#sect_a
Part of the Emuseum at Minnesota State University (see the August 22, 2000 Scout Report for the Social Sciences), this Website offers brief, encyclopedic entries on the lives of 392 significant anthropologists (or prominent thinkers in other fields who have influenced the discipline). The entries, written by anthropology students at Minnesota State and alphabetically indexed, give overviews of the careers and contributions of these individuals including short bibliographies -- often with links to useful Web resources. [DC]
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New Data

Maryland State Data Center [.pdf]
http://www.op.state.md.us/MSDC/
In 1978, the US Census established a cooperative program with the 50 states to "make census information available locally through a network of State agencies, universities, libraries, and regional and local governments." As part of this effort, the Maryland Department of Planning, in cooperation with the State Library Resource Center (Enoch Pratt) and the University of Maryland's Computer Science Center, has produced an excellent Website posting up-to-date and archival data on the demographics of Maryland. "Sample profiles of 1990 census data, historic trends and forecasts are available here for Maryland, its six planning regions and jurisdictions" with charts highlighting key items from the profiles. Projections from this data include population, race, age, households, labor force, jobs, income, and school enrollment. Recent posts to the Website provide data on socioeconomic profiles of Maryland residents, foreign immigration to Maryland from 1992-1998, household median and mean income estimates, new school enrollment projections, and IRS-monitored state-to-state migration. Documents are posted in HTML, with some also available in .pdf format for printing. [DC]
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California: Vital Statistics Data Tables [.pdf]
http://www.dhs.ca.gov/hisp/chs/OHIR/vsdatatablesindex.htm
Maintained by the California Department of Health Services, this Website contains data on births, deaths, fetal deaths, abortions, marriages, and divorces in the Golden State. The data posted here cover vital statistics from 1990 to 1998, including highlights from the "Advance Reports" (the main documentation of vital statistics data for the state) for 1994-1998 and data tables comparing California's vital statistics to those of the nation or breaking down these same statistics by county. There is also a link to a listing of publications of data by the department, some of which are available online, including County Health Status Profiles 2000 (in .pdf format) and highlights of Healthy California 2000.
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Ethnicity of Students and Staff in Wisconsin Public Schools, 1974-1975 -- Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction [.pdf]
http://dpls.dacc.wisc.edu/WI_school_ethnicity/index.html
Recently posted to the Web by the Data and Program Library Service at the University of Wisconsin (see the May 5, 2000 Scout Report for Business and Economics for a recent reference), this dataset contains information on the ethnic background of students as well as professional and nonprofessional staff in the Wisconsin public schools, 1974-1975. The survey was originally required by the Wisconsin legislature and was intended to monitor compliance with affirmative action and desegregation, and to aid in planning programs in bilingual and bicultural education. The site includes a study description, an online codebook of the data, the data itself (downloadable with a required free registration), and information on properly citing the data. Some documents are posted in .pdf format. [DC]
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Current Awareness
(For links to additional current awareness on tables of contents, abstracts, preprints, new books, data, conferences, etc., visit the The Scout Report for Social Sciences Current Awareness Metapage: http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/report/socsci/metapage/).

International Day for the Eradication of Poverty -- United Nations [.pdf]
http://www.un.org/events/poverty2000/index.html
Today, Tuesday October 17, is the eighth annual observance of the UN's International Day for the Eradication of Poverty. The Website dedicated to this observance serves as a gateway to a wealth of UN and UN-sponsored reports, articles, and data relating to the First United Nations Decade for the Eradication of Poverty 1997-2006. The site also links to relevant data from other sources like the World Bank, the IMF, and Non-governmental Organizations. Note: many documents are in .pdf format. [DC]
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New Working Papers

Bar, Stefani et al. "Closer Co-operation, A New Instrument For European Environmental Policy?" -- Gesellschaft fur Internationale und Europaische Umweltforschung
http://olymp.wu-wien.ac.at/eiop/texte/2000-013.htm
Abstract:
http://olymp.wu-wien.ac.at/eiop/texte/2000-013a.htm
.pdf version (33 pages):
http://olymp.wu-wien.ac.at/eiop/pdf/2000-013.pdf

Besag, Julian. "Markov Chain Monte Carlo for Statistical Inference" -- Center for Statistics and Social Sciences [.pdf, 65 pages]
http://www.csss.washington.edu/Papers/wp9.pdf
Postscript version:
http://www.csss.washington.edu/Papers/wp9.ps

Hofferth, Sandra L. and John F. Sandberg. "Changes in American Children's Time, 1981-1997" -- Population Studies Center, University of Michigan [.pdf, 37 pages]
http://www.psc.isr.umich.edu/pubs/papers/rr00-456.pdf
Abstract:
http://bose.psc.isr.umich.edu/pubs/FMPro?-db=items.fp3&-lay=web&-format=abs.html&-RecID=33901&-find

Knack, Stephen. "Aid Dependence and the Quality of Governance: A Cross-Country Empirical Analysis" -- World Bank [.pdf, 39 pages]
http://wbln0018.worldbank.org/research/workpapers.nsf/0/30529397228d0a778525691c006768c7/$FILE/wps2396.pdf
Abstract:
http://wbln0018.worldbank.org/research\workpapers.nsf/View+to+Link+WebPages/30529397228D0A778525691C006768C7?OpenDocument

Oh, Man-Suk and Adrian Raftery. "Bayesian Multidimensional Scaling and Choice of Dimension" -- Center for Statistics and Social Sciences [.pdf, 31 pages]
http://www.csss.washington.edu/Papers/wp10.pdf
Postscript version:
http://www.csss.washington.edu/Papers/wp10.ps

Warren, John Robert and Hsiang-Hui Kuo. "How to Measure 'What People Do For a Living' in Research on the Socioeconomic Correlates of Health" -- Center for Statistics and Social Sciences [.pdf, 28 pages]
http://www.csss.washington.edu/Papers/wp8.pdf
Postscript version:
http://www.csss.washington.edu/Papers/wp8.ps
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New Think Tank Policy Papers and Briefs

Commonwealth Fund:
Greenberg, Liza. "Perspectives On PPO Performance Measurement From Consumers, PPO Leaders, And Employers" [.pdf, 29 pages]
http://www.cmwf.org/programs/quality/greenberg_ppo_409.pdf

Brown, E. Richard, Roberta Wyn, and Stephanie Teleki. "Disparities In Health Insurance And Access To Care For Residents Across U.S. Cities" [.pdf, 50 pages]
http://www.cmwf.org/programs/insurance/Brown85MSAsreport.pdf
Data Tables on 85 Cities (supplement to "Disparities in Health Insurance and Access to Care for Residents Across U.S. Cities") [.pdf, 86 pages]
http://www.cmwf.org/programs/insurance/Brown85MSAs_supplement.PDF

Project on Defense Alternatives:
Conetta, Carl. "Can the United States Spend Less on Defense?: Toward a Smaller, More Efficient, and More Relevant US Military"
http://www.comw.org/pda/0010bm17.html

Unterseher, Lutz. "Wheels or Tracks?: On the 'Lightness' of Military Expeditions"
http://www.comw.org/pda/0007wheels.html

Economic Policy Institute:
Weller, Christian E. "Raising the Retirement Age: The Wrong Direction for Social Security"
http://www.epinet.org/briefingpapers/raisingretirement/raisingretirement.html
.pdf version [8 pages]:
http://www.epinet.org/briefingpapers/raisingretirement/raising_retirement.pdf

Bernstein, Jared, Lawrence Mishel, and Chauna Brocht. "Any Way You Cut It: Income Inequality on the Rise Regardless of How It's Measured."
http://www.epinet.org/briefingpapers/inequality/inequality.html
.pdf version [22 pages]:
http://www.epinet.org/briefingpapers/inequality/ineq_bp.pdf

Families USA:
Rowdin, Marc. "Promoting Accountable Managed Health Care: The Potential Role for Consumer Voice" [.pdf, 60 pages]
http://www.familiesusa.org/pubs/consumrs.pdf

Overseas Development Institute:
Hanmer, Lucia, John Healey, and Felix Naschold. "Will Growth Halve Global Poverty by 2015?" -- Policy Briefing
http://www.odi.org.uk/briefing/pov8.html
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New Offerings from Academic Publishers

Association of American University Presses: New Releases
http://aaup.uchicago.edu/new_releases/

Michigan State University Press Online -- New Releases
http://www.msu.edu/unit/msupress/newrel/newrlst.html

Cambridge University Press
http://www.cup.org/books/hot.html

Basic Books: New Releases
http://www.basicbooks.com/newreleases.html

Thela Thesis -- Just Published
http://www.thelathesis.nl/new.html

Perseus Publishing--Book News (click on category)
http://www.perseuspublishing.com/booknews.html
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Conferences

Conference on the Study of Politics in the American States [APSAnet Posting]
March 2-3, 2001
Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
http://www.apsanet.org/PS/conferences/state.cfm

Services and the Global Economy: Annual Meeting of the Business History Conference
April 20-22, 2001
Miami, Florida
http://www.eh.net/bhc/Conference/call01.html

Virginia Woolf 2001: Voyages Out, Voyages Home
June 13-16, 2001
University of Wales Bangor, Bangor Gwynedd, U.K.
http://www.bangor.ac.uk/english/woolf.html

Women's West: Gender, Race, Class, and Region Conference 2000
July 27-29, 2000
Washington State University, Pullman WA
http://www.wsu.edu/~womenwst/home.html
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New Tables of Contents/ Abstracts/ Online periodicals

Protosociology: An International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research -- "Folk Psychology, Mental Projects and the Ascription of Attitudes: On Contemporary Philososphy of Mind" (table of contents)
Volume 14 (2000)
http://www.rz.uni-frankfurt.de/protosociology/Vol14.htm

Genders (Online Journal)
Issue 32 (2000)
http://www.genders.org/

Bad Subjects: Political Education for Everyday Life (Online Magazine)
Issue 50 (June 2000)
http://eserver.org/bs/50/

Internet Archaeology (Online Journal)
Issue 8 (Summer 2000)
http://intarch.ac.uk/journal/issue8/index.html

Athena Review: Journal of Archaeology, History, and Exploration (Online Journal)
Volume 2, Issue 2 (1999)
http://www.athenapub.com/index6.htm
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Job Guides

H-Net Job Guide
http://www.matrix.msu.edu/jobs/

The Chronicle of Higher Education Job Openings
Humanities
http://jobs.chronicle.com/free/jobs/faculty/humanities/links.htm
Social Science
http://jobs.chronicle.com/free/jobs/faculty/sscience/links.htm

Academic Employment Network (By State)
http://www.academploy.com/jobs.cfm

American College Personnel Association: ACPA Ongoing Placement Listings
http://www.acpa.nche.edu/placemnt/placemnt.htm

Academic 360.com (Update of "Jobs in Higher Education" site)
http://www.academic360.com/
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In The News

Crime Drops for Eighth Straight Year
1. FBI: Uniform Crime Reports
http://www.fbi.gov/ucr.htm
2. LA Times: "Crime Down for 8th Year, FBI Reports"
http://www.latimes.com/news/asection/20001016/t000098698.html
3. New York Times: "Crime Rates Fall Again, but Decline May Slow"
http://www.nytimes.com/2000/10/15/national/15CRIM.html
4. Washingtonpost.com: "In Murder Trends, Benefits for Blacks"
http://washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A13914-2000Oct15.html
5. National Center for Policy Analysis: Crime and Punishment in America, 1999
http://www.ncpa.org/studies/s229/s229.html
6. Justice Policy Institute: "Drug Use and Justice: An Examination of California Drug Policy Enforcement"
Press Release:
http://www.cjcj.org/cadrug/cadrugpr.html
Report:
http://www.cjcj.org/cadrug/cadrug.html
.pdf version [43 pages]:
http://www.cjcj.org/cadrug/cadrug_w.pdf
7. Salon.com: "Swept away"
http://www.salon.com/mwt/feature/2000/07/20/conspirators/index.html?CP=YAH&DN=110
On Sunday, the FBI issued its annual report on crime, a 422-page tome, which shows crime down in the United States for the eighth straight year. The report found a total of 11.6 million criminal offenses in 1999, or 4,267 crimes per 100,000 people, a 7.6 percent decrease and the largest drop in a single year in the last two decades. The nation's murder total of 15,533 victims represented an eight percent drop and a thirty-three year low, while rates of robbery, assault, burglary, forcible rape, and motor vehicle theft all fell between four and ten percent. The downward trend applied to virtually all types of crime in all areas of the country. While the news was considered to be good, criminologists warned that the declines were lower in the largest cities and that these numbers may be harbingers of an upswing in crime in the next decade. These same experts disagree over the causes of the decline in crime that has marked the decade of the 1990s. Many point to more police officers, tougher sentencing laws, and more prisons as primary factors, while others focus on good economic times, a greater focus on drug treatment, and the graying of the population. One curious fact to be gleaned from the data is that the person least likely to be murdered in America today would be a white, single woman living in Iowa or New Hampshire who does not have a male partner.

The FBI Uniform Crime Reports Website (1) posts the latest report as well as copies of previous reports going back to 1995 and data on incident reportings, hate crimes, and law enforcement officers killed or assaulted in the line of duty. The LA Times(2) and the New York Times(3) have posted stories summarizing the data and offering commentary on its trends from criminologists. An article from the Washington Post(4) focuses on the benefits for African-Americans in the drop in murder rates. The National Center for Policy Analysis presents summary and analysis of 1999 crime rates (5) based on the Justice Department's National Crime Victimization Survey released earlier this year (see the September 5, 2000 Scout Report for the Social Sciences). The Justice Policy Institute posted a report last week (6) arguing that California crime data show that stiffer penalties for drug crimes and other offenses have not positively affected the state's crime rates. Published this summer, a Salon.com article (7) examines the long sentences -- often nineteen years or more -- meted out to women whose only crime, in many cases, was having been involved with a man who sold crack cocaine. [DC]
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